Knowledge of the workers of the construction industry about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and associated factors.

BACKGROUND: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted by biological, socioeconomic and cultural factors that increase the vulnerability of certain population groups such as civil construction workers. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of workers in the construction industry about infection by HIV and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted, including 381 construction workers, in the cities of João Pessoa, Cabedelo, and Santa Rita, in the State of Paraíba, Brazil, performed through interviews, using a data collection instrument with social demographic variables and the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive measures, and for comparison between the categories the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, with margin of error of 5% . RESULTS: A predominance of male workers was observed (97.4%) among 381 workers; aged 30-39 (34.1%); married (81.4%); with up to eight years of education (66.6%); family income of up to 2x the minimum wage (52.8%) and coming from the country (43.8%). The average of correct responses was 63.3%, with higher indices (70.0%) related to transmission and forms of prevention. There were higher percentages of hits among those who had studied for 12 years or more. Workers from the capital of Paraíba presented a higher number of correct responses (67.44%). CONCLUSIONS: There is a low index of knowledge of construction workers about HIV, highlighting their consequent vulnerability to acquiring this infection.

Long-term Ecological Research: Chasing fashions or being prepared for fashion changes?

Long-term-ecological-research (LTER) faces many challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining long-term funding, changes in research questions and sampling designs, keeping researchers collecting standardized data for many years, impediments to interactions with local people, and the difficulty of integrating the needs of local decision makers with "big science". These issues result in a lack of universally accepted guidelines as to how research should be done and integrated among LTER sites. Here we discuss how the RAPELD (standardized field infrastructure system), can help deal with these issues as a complementary technique in LTER studies, allowing comparisons across landscapes and ecosystems and reducing sampling costs. RAPELD uses local surveys to understand broad spatial and temporal patterns while enhancing decision-making and training of researchers, local indigenous groups and traditional communities. Sampling of ecological data can be carried out by different researchers through standardized protocols, resulting in spatial data that can be used to answer temporal questions, and allow new questions to be investigated. Results can also be integrated into existing biodiversity networks. Integrated systems are the most efficient way to save resources, maximize results, and accumulate information that can be used in the face of the unknown unknowns upon which our future depends.

Validation of an Innovative Chromatographic Method for Hypericin Quantification in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers.

BACKGROUND: Hypericin (HYP) is a natural compound widely used as a food supplement. The encapsulation of HYP into nanosystems, such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), is a promising strategy for delivering this lipophilic molecule and protecting it from degradation. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate an analytical method to quantify the encapsulation efficiency of HYP in NLC. METHOD: A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guide Q2 (R1). NLC was prepared through the ultrasonication method, and HYP encapsulation efficiency was evaluated using the validated method. RESULTS: Separation was achieved using an isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile, methanol, and ammonium acetate buffer (10 mM, pH 5.0) (54:36:10, v/v/v) and a reverse stationary phase. The specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness of the method were assessed and confirmed during the validation. Furthermore, the validated method was able to determine the encapsulation efficiency of HYP in NLC. CONCLUSIONS: The HPLC method was validated, and the results indicated the ability of NLC to deliver HYP compounds for further application as a food supplement. HIGHLIGHTS: HYP is used as a food supplement and for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The developed method was specific, linear, precise, accurate, and robust. NLCs showed a high ability to encapsulate HYP.

Prevalence and predictors of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension following severe forms of acute pulmonary embolism.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The true prevalence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after pulmonary embolism (PE) in the Portuguese population remains unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of CTEPH two years after a symptomatic high- (HR) or intermediate-high risk (IHR) PE. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted with PE between 2014 and 2019 to a Portuguese referral center for pulmonary hypertension. RESULTS: In this single-center registry of 969 patients admitted with PE (annual incidence of 46/100000 population), 194 had HR (5.4%) and IHR (14.7%) PE. After excluding patients who died or had no follow-up in the first three months, 129 patients were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of suspected CTEPH by clinical assessment, Doppler echocardiography and V/Q lung scan was 6.2% (eight patients). CTEPH was confirmed by right heart catheterization in four of these (3.1%). Increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) at admission (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.04-1.22; p=0.005) and the presence of varicose veins in the lower limbs (OR 7.47; 95% CI 1.53-36.41; p=0.013) were predictors of CTEPH. PASP >60 mmHg at admission identified patients with CTEPH at follow-up with sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 76.3%, respectively. All patients diagnosed with CTEPH had at least two radiological findings suggestive of CTEPH at the index event. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, the prevalence of CTEPH in survivors of severe forms of acute PE was 6.2%. PASP above 60 mmHg and supporting radiological findings on the index computed tomography scan are highly suggestive of acute-on-chronic CTEPH.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health surveillance work. / Efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 no trabalho em vigilância sanitária.

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged managers and exposed weaknesses in health systems. In Brazil, the pandemic emerged amid difficulties to work in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and in health surveillance (HS). The purpose of this article is to analyze the effects of COVID-19 on the organization, working conditions, management, and performance of HS, according to the perception of capital city managers from three regions of Brazil. This is an exploratory, descriptive research with qualitative analysis. The Iramuteq software was used in the treatment of the textual corpus and analysis of descending hierarchical classification, which generated four classes: characteristics of HS work during the pandemic (39.9%), HS organization and working conditions during the pandemic (12.3%), effects of the pandemic on work (34.4%), and the class of the health protection of workers and the population (13.4%). HS implemented remote work, expanded work shifts, and diversified its actions. However, it faced difficulties with personnel, infrastructure, and insufficient training. The present study also pointed out the potential for joint actions concerning HS.

A pandemia de COVID-19 desafiou gestores e explicitou fragilidades dos sistemas de saúde. No Brasil, a pandemia surgiu em meio a dificuldades para o trabalho no SUS e na vigilância sanitária (VISA). O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os efeitos da COVID-19 sobre a organização, as condições de trabalho, a gestão e a atuação de VISA, conforme a percepção de gestores de capitais de três regiões do Brasil. É uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, com análise qualitativa. Utilizou-se o software Iramuteq no tratamento do corpus textual e a análise de classificação hierárquica descendente gerou quatro classes: características do trabalho de VISA na pandemia (39,9%), organização e condições de trabalho de VISA na pandemia (12,3%), efeitos da pandemia sobre o trabalho (34,4%) e proteção da saúde de trabalhadores e da população (13,4%). A VISA implantou trabalho remoto, ampliou turnos de trabalho e diversificou suas ações. Entretanto, enfrentou dificuldades de pessoal, infraestrutura e capacitação insuficiente. O estudo apontou as potencialidades das ações conjuntas para a VISA.

Management of hemotherapy services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. / Gestão dos serviços hemoterápicos no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19.

This study aimed to analyze the management of hemotherapy services (HS) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of municipal managers in different regions of Brazil. A qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews was applied to HS managers in the three Brazilian capitals, from different regions of Brazil, during the period between September 2021 and April 2022. The textual content of the interviews was submitted to lexicographic textual analysis using the free access software, Iramuteq. The managers' perceptions resulted from the descending hierarchical classification (DHC) analysis, which generated six classes: availability of resources for the development of work; installed capacity of services; strategies and challenges for attracting blood donors; risks and worker protection; measures for crisis management; and communication strategies for the adhesion of candidates for donation. The analysis highlighted several strategies used by the management, as well as pointed out limits and challenges for HS organization and management, exacerbated in the context of the pandemic.

Estudo que teve por objetivo analisar a gestão dos serviços hemoterápicos (SH) no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores de municípios de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a gestores dos SH das três capitais brasileiras de diferentes regiões do Brasil, no período de setembro de 2021 a abril de 2022. O conteúdo textual das entrevistas foi submetido à análise textual lexicográfica a partir do uso do software Iramuteq, de acesso gratuito. As percepções dos gestores resultaram da análise da classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD), que gerou seis classes: disponibilidade de recursos para o desenvolvimento do trabalho; capacidade instalada dos serviços; estratégias e desafios para captação de doadores de sangue; riscos e proteção dos trabalhadores; medidas para gestão da crise; estratégias de comunicação para a adesão de candidatos para doação. A análise evidenciou diversas estratégias utilizadas pela gestão, bem como apontou limites e desafios para a organização e a gestão de serviços hemoterápicos, agudizados no contexto da pandemia.

Gestão dos serviços hemoterápicos no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 / Management of hemotherapy services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Resumo Estudo que teve por objetivo analisar a gestão dos serviços hemoterápicos (SH) no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores de municípios de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a gestores dos SH das três capitais brasileiras de diferentes regiões do Brasil, no período de setembro de 2021 a abril de 2022. O conteúdo textual das entrevistas foi submetido à análise textual lexicográfica a partir do uso do software Iramuteq, de acesso gratuito. As percepções dos gestores resultaram da análise da classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD), que gerou seis classes: disponibilidade de recursos para o desenvolvimento do trabalho; capacidade instalada dos serviços; estratégias e desafios para captação de doadores de sangue; riscos e proteção dos trabalhadores; medidas para gestão da crise; estratégias de comunicação para a adesão de candidatos para doação. A análise evidenciou diversas estratégias utilizadas pela gestão, bem como apontou limites e desafios para a organização e a gestão de serviços hemoterápicos, agudizados no contexto da pandemia.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the management of hemotherapy services (HS) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of municipal managers in different regions of Brazil. A qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews was applied to HS managers in the three Brazilian capitals, from different regions of Brazil, during the period between September 2021 and April 2022. The textual content of the interviews was submitted to lexicographic textual analysis using the free access software, Iramuteq. The managers' perceptions resulted from the descending hierarchical classification (DHC) analysis, which generated six classes: availability of resources for the development of work; installed capacity of services; strategies and challenges for attracting blood donors; risks and worker protection; measures for crisis management; and communication strategies for the adhesion of candidates for donation. The analysis highlighted several strategies used by the management, as well as pointed out limits and challenges for HS organization and management, exacerbated in the context of the pandemic.

Efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 no trabalho em vigilância sanitária / Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health surveillance work

Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 desafiou gestores e explicitou fragilidades dos sistemas de saúde. No Brasil, a pandemia surgiu em meio a dificuldades para o trabalho no SUS e na vigilância sanitária (VISA). O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os efeitos da COVID-19 sobre a organização, as condições de trabalho, a gestão e a atuação de VISA, conforme a percepção de gestores de capitais de três regiões do Brasil. É uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, com análise qualitativa. Utilizou-se o software Iramuteq no tratamento do corpus textual e a análise de classificação hierárquica descendente gerou quatro classes: características do trabalho de VISA na pandemia (39,9%), organização e condições de trabalho de VISA na pandemia (12,3%), efeitos da pandemia sobre o trabalho (34,4%) e proteção da saúde de trabalhadores e da população (13,4%). A VISA implantou trabalho remoto, ampliou turnos de trabalho e diversificou suas ações. Entretanto, enfrentou dificuldades de pessoal, infraestrutura e capacitação insuficiente. O estudo apontou as potencialidades das ações conjuntas para a VISA.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged managers and exposed weaknesses in health systems. In Brazil, the pandemic emerged amid difficulties to work in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and in health surveillance (HS). The purpose of this article is to analyze the effects of COVID-19 on the organization, working conditions, management, and performance of HS, according to the perception of capital city managers from three regions of Brazil. This is an exploratory, descriptive research with qualitative analysis. The Iramuteq software was used in the treatment of the textual corpus and analysis of descending hierarchical classification, which generated four classes: characteristics of HS work during the pandemic (39.9%), HS organization and working conditions during the pandemic (12.3%), effects of the pandemic on work (34.4%), and the class of the health protection of workers and the population (13.4%). HS implemented remote work, expanded work shifts, and diversified its actions. However, it faced difficulties with personnel, infrastructure, and insufficient training. The present study also pointed out the potential for joint actions concerning HS.

Transcriptome analyses of the cortex and white matter of focal cortical dysplasia type II: Insights into pathophysiology and tissue characterization.

Introduction: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. According to the 2022 International League Against Epilepsy classification, FCD type II is characterized by dysmorphic neurons (IIa and IIb) and may be associated with balloon cells (IIb). We present a multicentric study to evaluate the transcriptomes of the gray and white matters of surgical FCD type II specimens. We aimed to contribute to pathophysiology and tissue characterization. Methods: We investigated FCD II (a and b) and control samples by performing RNA-sequencing followed by immunohistochemical validation employing digital analyses. Results: We found 342 and 399 transcripts differentially expressed in the gray matter of IIa and IIb lesions compared to controls, respectively. Cholesterol biosynthesis was among the main enriched cellular pathways in both IIa and IIb gray matter. Particularly, the genes HMGCS1, HMGCR, and SQLE were upregulated in both type II groups. We also found 12 differentially expressed genes when comparing transcriptomes of IIa and IIb lesions. Only 1 transcript (MTRNR2L12) was significantly upregulated in FCD IIa. The white matter in IIa and IIb lesions showed 2 and 24 transcripts differentially expressed, respectively, compared to controls. No enriched cellular pathways were detected. GPNMB, not previously described in FCD samples, was upregulated in IIb compared to IIa and control groups. Upregulations of cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes and GPNMB genes in FCD groups were immunohistochemically validated. Such enzymes were mainly detected in both dysmorphic and normal neurons, whereas GPNMB was observed only in balloon cells. Discussion: Overall, our study contributed to identifying cortical enrichment of cholesterol biosynthesis in FCD type II, which may correspond to a neuroprotective response to seizures. Moreover, specific analyses in either the gray or the white matter revealed upregulations of MTRNR2L12 and GPNMB, which might be potential neuropathological biomarkers of a cortex chronically exposed to seizures and of balloon cells, respectively.

Grateful Workers, Satisfied Workers? A Portuguese Study about Organizational Happiness during COVID-19 Quarantine.

Although work satisfaction has been largely studied, gratitude is an emerging field within multiple sciences, including positive psychology, organizational behavior, and human resources marketing. This ex post facto study aims to characterize gratitude and understand its relations to job satisfaction in a non-probabilistic sample of 521 Portuguese workers (62.2% women), 30.90% and 69.10% in the public and private sector, respectively, mean ages of M = 43, SD = 12.6. Data were collected using anonymous questionnaires during the COVID-19 lockdown. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS 26, and include Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, and a hierarchical linear regression model. Results confirm that Portuguese workers are grateful and satisfied at work. There were statistically significant differences between groups in sociodemographic (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05), professional (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001), and perceived living conditions variables (p < 0.05) regarding gratitude. Gratitude, alone, explains 8% of job satisfaction. According to the regression model (32.4%), perceptions of satisfaction initiatives and greater job security are also associated with higher levels of job satisfaction (23.6%). Implementation of gratitude-promoting strategies may increase job satisfaction, especially in the post-pandemic period. The investment in workers' organizational happiness, after the impacts of COVID-19 on work dynamics, is a differentiating organizations success dimension.

Detection of early-stage lung cancer in sputum using automated flow cytometry and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) may not lead to a clear treatment path when small to intermediate-sized lung nodules are identified. We have combined flow cytometry and machine learning to develop a sputum-based test (CyPath Lung) that can assist physicians in decision-making in such cases. METHODS: Single cell suspensions prepared from induced sputum samples collected over three consecutive days were labeled with a viability dye to exclude dead cells, antibodies to distinguish cell types, and a porphyrin to label cancer-associated cells. The labeled cell suspension was run on a flow cytometer and the data collected. An analysis pipeline combining automated flow cytometry data processing with machine learning was developed to distinguish cancer from non-cancer samples from 150 patients at high risk of whom 28 had lung cancer. Flow data and patient features were evaluated to identify predictors of lung cancer. Random training and test sets were chosen to evaluate predictive variables iteratively until a robust model was identified. The final model was tested on a second, independent group of 32 samples, including six samples from patients diagnosed with lung cancer. RESULTS: Automated analysis combined with machine learning resulted in a predictive model that achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.89). The sensitivity and specificity were 82% and 88%, respectively, and the negative and positive predictive values 96% and 61%, respectively. Importantly, the test was 92% sensitive and 87% specific in cases when nodules were < 20 mm (AUC of 0.94; 95% CI 0.89-0.99). Testing of the model on an independent second set of samples showed an AUC of 0.85 (95% CI 0.71-0.98) with an 83% sensitivity, 77% specificity, 95% negative predictive value and 45% positive predictive value. The model is robust to differences in sample processing and disease state. CONCLUSION: CyPath Lung correctly classifies samples as cancer or non-cancer with high accuracy, including from participants at different disease stages and with nodules < 20 mm in diameter. This test is intended for use after lung cancer screening to improve early-stage lung cancer diagnosis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03457415; March 7, 2018.

Fatores sociodemográficos associados ao uso do preservativo na população ribeirinha / Factores sociodemográficos asociados al uso del preservativo en una población ribereña / Sociodemographic factors associated with condom use in a riverside population

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência e fatores associados ao uso do preservativo em população ribeirinha. Materiais e método: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com 209 ribeirinhos do estado da Paraíba, Brasil, de junho a outubro de 2019. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista individual e privativa com a utilização de um questionário estruturado com variáveis sociodemográficas e de comportamento sexual. As análises foram realizadas pela regressão de Poisson e estimadas as razões de prevalência. Análises bivariadas e múltiplas foram utilizadas para identificar associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais com o uso do preservativo. Resultados: a prevalência estimada de uso do preservativo foi de 18,2% (IC: 95% 13,0-23,4). Ribeirinhos com idade maior que 40 anos apresentaram menor probabilidade de uso do preservativo (RP = 0,53; IC: 95% 0,34-0,83). Por sua vez, ribeirinhos com mais de oito anos de estudo apresentaram maior probabilidade de uso do preservativo (RP = 3,94; IC 95% 2,65-5,88).Conclusões: a prevalência do uso do preservativo entre os ribeirinhos foi baixa. Entretanto, indivíduos com maior escolaridade apresentaram maiores chances de uso. A prevenção combinada é uma alternativa para o controle das infecções transmissíveis, sendo o preservativo a principal medida de prevenção; portanto, compreender as singu-laridades da população ribeirinha e os fatores de risco para a boa adesão é imprescindível

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al uso del preservativo en una población ribereña. Materiales y método: estudio transversal analítico, realizado con 209 habitantes ribereños del estado de Paraíba, Brasil, entre junio y octubre de 2019. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales y privadas mediante un cuestionario estructurado con variables socio-demográficas y de comportamiento sexual. Los análisis se realizaron utilizando la regresión de Poisson, estimando las razones de prevalencia. Se utilizaron análisis bivariados y múltiples para identificar la asociación entre las variables sociodemográficas y conductuales relacionadas con el uso del preservativo. Resultados: la prevalencia estimada del uso de preservativo fue de 18,2 % (IC = 95 % 13,0-23,4). Los habitantes ribereños mayores de 40 años reportaron una menor probabilidad de uso del condón (RP = 0,53; IC del 95 %: 0,34-0,83). Por otro lado, los individuos con más de 8 años de escolaridad fueron más propensos a utilizar preservativo (RP = 3,94; IC 95 %: 2,65-5,88). Conclusiones: la prevalencia del uso del preservativo entre la población estudiada fue baja. Sin embargo, aquellos individuos con mayor grado de escolaridad fueron más propensos a emplearlo. La prevención combinada es una alternativa para el control de las infecciones transmisibles, siendo el preservativo la principal medida preventiva. Por lo tanto, resulta fundamental conocer las singularidades de la población ribereña y los factores de riesgo para una buena adherencia.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with condom use in a riverside population. Materials and method: Cross-sectional and analytical study with 209 riverside inhabitants in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, from June to October 2019. Data were collected through individual and private interviews using a structured questionnaire with sociodemographic and sexual behavior-related variables. Analysis was conducted using Poisson regression. Prevalence ratios were estimated. Bivariate and multiple analyzes were used to identify the association between sociodemographic and behavioral variables with condom use. Results: The estimated prevalence of condom use was 18.2% (95% CI: 13.0-23.4). Riverside people over 40 years were less likely to use condoms (PR = 0.53; 95% ci: 0.34-0.83). On the other hand, individuals with more than 8 years of schooling were more likely to use condoms (PR = 3.94; 95% CI: 2.65-5.88). Conclusions: The prevalence of condom use among participants was low. However, individuals with higher education attainment were more likely to use it. Combined prevention is an alternative to control communicable infections, with condoms being the main prevention measure. Consequently, understanding the singularities of similar populations and the risk factors for good adherence to condom use is essential.

Lazer, política e sociedade: as contribuições da SEJEL para os feirantes do Ver-o-Peso / Leisure, politics and society: the contributions of the fairground SEJEL for O-Ver-Weight

O presente estudo objetiva analisar as contribuições políticas das práticas sociais do lazer promovidas pela Secretaria Municipal de Esporte, Juventude e Lazer (SEJEL) para os feirantes do Ver-o-Peso (2018 a 2019) privilegiando o lazer no cotidiano dos feirantes enquanto direito social. Questões norteadoras: Existe alguma contribuição política pela SEJEL que garanta o Lazer enquanto direito Social em prol dos feirantes do Ver-o-Peso. Se existe? Como existe? Problema ­Como contribuir para as políticas da SEJEL que garanta o Lazer enquanto direito social, em prol dos feirantes do Ver-o-Peso? Metodologia: pesquisa documental qualitativa, enfoque materialismo dialético, método dialético, coleta de dados: jornal, vídeo, blog da SEJEL, leis, projeto de lazer da prefeitura para os feirantes. Resultado: as políticas da SEJEL estão enquadradas com um significado recreativo, havendo necessidade da efetivação de políticas públicas de lazer consolidadas com os feirantes para a compreensão enquanto direito social, e, também por parte dos governantes quando o mesmo está sendo vivido e entendido pelas vias do senso comum somente como descanso, entretenimento e mercadoria. A promoção social do lazer pode estar atrelada a um serviço muitas vezes de forma limitada e alienante de convívio social.

Objective: to analyze the contributions of the social practices of leisure promoted by the municipal Sport, Youth andSport (SEJEL) to the vendors of the Ver-o-Peso (2018 to 2019) for the quality and style of life of them, as well as for that leisure becomes privileged in everyday merchants and practice as a social right of citizenship under the foundations of public policies of leisure. Methodology: qualitative desk research, focus dialectical materialism, dialectical method, data collection, newspaper, video, blog SEJEL, laws, leisure project of city hall to the fairground. Result: The public policies of social practices of leisure SEJEL (2008 to 2012) is framed with a recreational significance, requiring the execution of public policy leisure consolidated with the vendors to understand as a social right, and also by the rulers when it is lived and understood by way of common sense only as entertainment and merchandise. The social promotion of leisure can be linked to a service often quite limited and alienating.

Medidas de prevenção de lesão por pressão em enfermarias pediátricas: atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem / Pressure injury prevention measures in pediatric wards: nursing professionals' actions

RESUMO Objetivo classificar a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem e analisar a associação entre as caraterísticas dos profissionais e a execução de medidas preventivas de lesão por pressão em crianças hospitalizadas. Métodos estudo observacional, transversal, realizado com 235 profissionais de enfermagem. O instrumento de Prevenção de Lesão por Pressão possui três domínios, com 23 itens: Medidas preventivas e detecção precoce de lesão por pressão (9); Medidas de alívio de pressão (8) e Avaliação e notificação (6), analisados pelo Índice de Positividade para Qualidade da Assistência. Resultados predominou sexo feminino (98,7%), com idade média de 38,83 ± 9,94 anos, técnicos de enfermagem (57,4%) e com tempo de experiência profissional superior a cinco anos (77,1%). Constatou-se assistência predominantemente sofrível nos três domínios, em 82,6% das ações. Encontrou-se associação significante com as variáveis "participação em cursos" e "desgaste no trabalho" e uma tendência mais frequente de realização das medidas na faixa etária 31-40 anos. Conclusão a assistência de enfermagem foi predominantemente sofrível; a assistência associou-se à participação em cursos de aperfeiçoamento e desgaste no trabalho. Contribuições para a prática evidenciou-se a necessidade do investimento em capacitação profissional e oferta de insumos considerados indispensáveis para viabilizar uma assistência qualificada e segura.

ABSTRACT Objective to classify the quality of nursing care and analyze the association between professionals' characteristics and the implementation of preventive measures for pressure injuries in hospitalized children. Methods this observational, cross-sectional study involved 235 nursing professionals. The Pressure Injury Prevention instrument comprised three domains with a total of 23 items: Preventive measures and early detection of pressure injuries (9 items), Pressure relief measures (8 items), and Assessment and reporting (6 items), analyzed using the Positivity Index for Quality of Care. Results Most participants were females (98.7%), with a mean age of 38.83 ± 9.94 years, nursing technicians (57.4%), and had more than five years of experience (77.1%). Nursing care was predominantly inadequate across all three domains, with 82.6% of actions rated as poor. Significant associations were found between "participation in training courses" and "work-related exhaustion". There was a trend towards increased compliance with measurements among professionals aged 31-40. Conclusion nursing care was predominantly poor and participation in training courses and the presence of exhaustion were associated with better adherence to preventive measures. Contributions to practice the study highlights the pressing need for investments in professional training and the provision of necessary resources to support high-quality and safe nursing care.

Vigilância Sanitária em Debate: 10 anos de contribuição ao conhecimento em saúde / Health Surveillance in Debate: 10 years of contributions to knowledge in healthcare

Este debate, resultado de um breve estudo sobre o periódico Vigilância Sanitária em Debate: Sociedade, Ciência & Tecnologia (Visa em Debate) em sua primeira década, teve como objetivo apresentar uma visão panorâmica das publicações, que foram classificadas em categorias previamente definidas; também foram identificadas as instituições às quais os autores das publicações estavam vinculados. A categoria Objetos sob Controle Sanitário abriga o maior quantitativo de publicações, com 72,0% do total, entre as quais predominam alimentos, medicamentos, e serviços de saúde e de interesse da saúde. As categorias Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária; Regulação e Vigilância Sanitária; Doenças, Agentes, Epidemiologia; e Tecnologias Analíticas apresentam quantitativos semelhantes, em torno de 7,0%. Entre as instituições de vínculos dos autores, as universidades e outras instituições de ensino superior são aquelas com maior número de vínculos, em todas as regiões. A Região Sudeste concentra o maior número de referências, seguida do Nordeste, Sul, Centro-Oeste e, por último, a Região Norte. Também foram referidos vínculos a universidades de outros países, como Canadá, França, Portugal e Colômbia. Observou-se uma grande diversidade de temáticas em todas as categorias de classificação das publicações, também lacunas e/ou poucos trabalhos em certos temas relevantes para a área. Este estudo denota que o periódico vem se constituindo um relevante veículo de disseminação do conhecimento em saúde em geral e vigilância sanitária em especial. Neste pouco tempo já foi indexada em importantes bases de dados científicos e conta com uma boa classificação Qualis/Capes na área interdisciplinar da saúde, o que contribui para um número crescente de publicações oriundas de renomadas universidades.

This debate is the result of a brief study in the journal Health Surveillance in Debate: Society, Science & Technology (Visa em Debate) in its first decade. The objective is to present a panoramic view of the publications of this journal. The articles were classified into previously defined categories and the institutions to which the authors of the publications were linked were also identified. The category "Objects Under Sanitary Control" contains the largest number of publications, with 72.0% of the total, among which food, medicines and health services predominated. The categories "National Health Surveillance System", "Health Regulation and Surveillance", "Diseases, Agents, Epidemiology", and "Analytical Technologies" presented similar amounts of around 7.0%. Among the authors' affiliation institutions, universities and other higher education institutions are the ones with the highest number, in all regions. The Southeast region possesses the largest number of references, followed by the Northeast, South, Midwest, and finally the North region. In addition, links to universities in other countries, such as Canada, France, Portugal, and Colombia, were mentioned. A great diversity of themes was observed in all categories of classification and there are still gaps and/or few works in certain themes that are relevant to the area. This study shows that the journal has become a relevant vehicle for the dissemination of knowledge in health in general, and sanitary surveillance, in particular. In this short time, this journal has already been indexed in relevant scientific databases and has a good Qualis/Capes classification in the interdisciplinary area of health, which contributes to a growing number of publications from renowned universities.

Sputum analysis by flow cytometry; an effective platform to analyze the lung environment.

Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) is the standard of care for lung cancer screening in the United States (US). LDCT has a sensitivity of 93.8% but its specificity of 73.4% leads to potentially harmful follow-up procedures in patients without lung cancer. Thus, there is a need for additional assays with high accuracy that can be used as an adjunct to LDCT to diagnose lung cancer. Sputum is a biological fluid that can be obtained non-invasively and can be dissociated to release its cellular contents, providing a snapshot of the lung environment. We obtained sputum from current and former smokers with a 30+ pack-year smoking history and who were either confirmed to have lung cancer or at high risk of developing the disease. Dissociated sputum cells were counted, viability determined, and labeled with a panel of markers to separate leukocytes from non-leukocytes. After excluding debris and dead cells, including squamous epithelial cells, we identified reproducible population signatures and confirmed the samples' lung origin. In addition to leukocyte and epithelial-specific fluorescent antibodies, we used the highly fluorescent meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP), known to preferentially stain cancer (associated) cells. We looked for differences in cell characteristics, population size and fluorescence intensity that could be useful in distinguishing cancer samples from high-risk samples. We present our data demonstrating the feasibility of a flow cytometry platform to analyze sputum in a high-throughput and standardized matter for the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Current situation of endemic mycosis in the Americas and the Caribbean: Proceedings of the first international meeting on endemic mycoses of the Americas (IMEMA).

BACKGROUND: The Americas are home to biologically and clinically diverse endemic fungi, including Blastomyces, Coccidioides, Emergomyces, Histoplasma, Paracoccidioides and Sporothrix. In endemic areas with high risk of infection, these fungal pathogens represent an important public health problem. OBJECTIVES: This report aims to summarise the main findings of the regional analysis carried out on the status of the endemic mycoses of the Americas, done at the first International Meeting on Endemic Mycoses of the Americas (IMEMA). METHODS: A regional analysis for the Americas was done, the 27 territories were grouped into nine regions. A SWOT analysis was done. RESULTS: All territories reported availability of microscopy. Seventy percent of territories reported antibody testing, 67% of territories reported availability of Histoplasma antigen testing. None of the territories reported the use of (1-3)-ß-d-glucan. Fifty two percent of territories reported the availability of PCR testing in reference centres (mostly for histoplasmosis). Most of the territories reported access to medications such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B (AMB) deoxycholate. Many countries had limited access to liposomal formulation of AMB and newer azoles, such as posaconazole and isavuconazole. Surveillance of these fungal diseases was minimal. CONCLUSIONS: A consensus emerged among meeting participants, this group concluded that endemic mycoses are neglected diseases, and due to their severity and lack of resources, the improvement of diagnosis, treatment and surveillance is needed.

Health-related quality of life predictors in people with chronic wounds.

OBJECTIVE: To assess health-related quality of life and its predictors among people with chronic wounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 85 people with chronic wounds, from July to September 2019, at a university hospital in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected using forms and the Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule (CWIS). For data analysis, multiple linear regression was performed. RESULTS: The mean quality of life score according to the CWIS was 45.57. The variables gender, marital status, comorbidities, duration of injury and appearance of exudate were negatively associated with the well-being domain. Injury duration, tissue depth, tissue type, and exudate volume were variables negatively associated with physical symptoms and mastery of daily living. Religion, wound origin, duration, lesion size, and tissue depth were negatively associated with the social life domain. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic characteristics and wound-related aspects need to be considered when assessing and caring for patients with chronic wounds to ensure a better quality of life.

Assessment of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) improvement of different treatments for dentin hypersensitivity in noncarious cervical lesions-a randomized clinical study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the improvement on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of individuals with cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH) with the noncarious cervical lesion (NCCLs) subjected to different treatments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted with patients (n = 74) randomly allocated into three groups according to the treatment performed: PO, potassium oxalate (Oxa-Gel BF); LL, low-power laser irradiation; and POLL, potassium oxalate (Oxa-Gel BF) associated with low-power laser irradiation. The treatments were applied in four steps, weekly. The questionnaire Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was applied before initiating and immediately after the fourth session. The greater the sum of the score, the smaller the measurement of OHRQoL. RESULTS: The total mean values of the variables at the final moment were significantly lower than the initial one for all dimensions (p value ranging from < 0.001 to 0.006). Furthermore, the OHIP-14 scores final analysis between the groups indicated that the POLL group compared to LL had a significantly lower final score for the functional limitation (p = 0.009), physical pain (p = 0.049), and psychological discomfort (p = 0.035) dimensions and that group PO compared to group LL had a significantly lower final score for the functional limitation dimension (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: There was a reduction in the OHIP-14 score for all dimensions, indicating an improvement in patients' quality of life after the use of desensitizing therapies. Patients in group LL had a higher functional limitation, physical pain, and psychological discomfort. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study indicated improvement of desensitizing therapies for CDH to improve patients' OHRQoL. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Platform (REBEC protocol number RBR-4ybjmt).

Higher than expected N2O emissions from soybean crops in the Pampas Region of Argentina: Estimates from DayCent simulations and field measurements.

In developing countries, agriculture generally represents a large fraction of GHG emissions reported in National Inventories, and emissions are typically estimated using Tier 1 IPCC guidelines. However, field data and locally adapted simulation models can improve the accuracy of IPCC estimations. In this study we aimed to quantify anthropogenic N2O emissions from croplands of Argentina through field measurements, model simulations and IPCC guidelines. We measured N2O emissions and their controlling factors in 62 plots of the Pampas Region with corn, soybean and wheat/soybean crops and in unmanaged grasslands. We accounted for gross emissions from crops and background emissions from unmanaged grasslands to calculate net anthropogenic emissions from crops as the difference between them. We calibrated and evaluated the DayCent model and then simulated different weather and management scenarios. Finally, we applied IPCC guidelines to estimate anthropogenic N2O emissions at the same plots. The DayCent model accurately simulated annual N2O emission for all crops as compared to measured data (RMSE = 1.4 g N ha-1 day-1). Measured and simulated emissions in soybean crops were higher than in corn and wheat/soybean crops. Gross N2O emissions ranged from 1.4 to 5.1 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for current environmental (soil and weather) and management (crops and fertilizer doses) conditions. Background emissions ranged between 1.1 and 1.3 kg N ha-1 yr-1, and therefore net anthropogenic emissions ranged from 0.3 to 4.0 kg N ha-1 yr-1. IPCC Tier 1 emission factors underestimated N2O releases from soybean, that were on average 4.87 times greater when estimated with DayCent and observations (0.53 vs 2.47 and 2.69 kg N ha-1 yr-1, respectively). On the contrary, IPCC estimates for corn and wheat/soybean crops were similar to modeled and measured values. Our results suggest that N2O emissions from the vast 15 million ha of soybean croplands in the Pampas Region may be substantially underestimated.